Society

Education, households, cities, work, and everyday capability.

9 explainers, and 6 still being built. Every chart comes with its data and its source.

Latest Does India really have the biggest jobs challenge in the world? Projections show about 238 million young Indians will reach working age by 2035, more than any other developing economy. 7 figures

How connected is India? Internet use reached 70% in 2025. Cheap mobile data, UPI, and wireless networks changed daily life, but gender and rural gaps remain. 12 figures How does India work? India's labour force is young and massive but mostly self-employed, informal, and stuck on farms. A low unemployment rate hides a crisis for educated youth, while women remain largely left out. 33 figures How many Indians are in the workforce? India’s labour force has doubled since 1990, but participation lags behind neighbours, and unemployment hits youth and graduates hardest. 14 figures What happens to a state's budget when it grows old? While Kerala and Tamil Nadu brace for the costs of ageing, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh still have young populations but far less money to prepare. 20 figures What share of Indians still work in agriculture? The share has fallen slowly from 63.1% in 1991, and even rose after 2019. Farming generates only 16.3% of GDP. 10 figures Who works in India? Sex, caste, faith, marriage, schooling, and birthplace, not just the economy, decide whether you work, what you do, and what you earn. The headline jobless rate of 3.2% masks a labour market where most work is insecure and poorly paid. 22 figures Why does India import so much edible oil? The dependency is not explained by one big number. Imports dwarf exports, three oils dominate the basket, domestic output is seed not oil, and the current sowing pickup still leaves the structural gap intact. 11 figures Why is women's work participation so low? Rural women are driving a sharp recovery, but urban women and young women still struggle. The gender gap remains large. 10 figures

Still being built